Types of Congratulatory and Politeness Strategies Used by Social Media Users

Abstract

Abstract. Showing happy feelings to someone is commonly uttered by saying congratulation with its variation. Congratulation is used to express happiness or pleasure to people to convey a warm message to them.  In one discourse, the type of congratulatory and politeness strategies may appear more than one type.  Dealing with it, the aims of this study were (1) to find the types of congratulation and (2) to find the types of the politeness strategy. The object of the study was the remarks on Facebook, especially congratulatory comments given to Arya Permana. The documentation method was used to collect the data. The data were taken from Netizen comments on born different accounts uploaded on October 18, 2019. Data analysis methods include determining, observing, selecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions. The data were then classified using Pishghadam's theory Elwood's taxonomy with a new model, and Brown and Levinson's theory for politeness methods to discover congrats. Dealing with the types of congratulation, the researcher found six types, those are offering congratulation (8), mentioning opportunities (24), blessing prayer (12), expressing feeling (40), divine statement (12), and complimenting (4). And dealing with the types of politeness strategies, the researcher found the percentage of bold records is 8%, the percentage of off record is 4%, the percentage of positive politeness is 84 percent, and the percentage of negative politeness is 4%. Social media users respond to social media with emotional attitudes, and they pay attention to behaviour when doing so. It demonstrates the presence of various politeness strategies employed by social media users. This article's findings are expected to include references or expansions on the analysis of congratulations.